Heat exchangers have widespread industrial and domestic applications. Shell and tube heat exchangers compact heat exchangers gasketedplate heat exchangers. In parallelflow heat exchangers, the two fluids enter the exchanger at the same end, and travel in parallel to one another to the other side. Shellandtube heat exchangers funke warmeaustauscher. Heat exchanger operating parameters parameter tube shell t in 498. These are calculated using a pressure vessel design code such as the boiler and pressure vessel code from asme american society of mechanical engineers and the british master pressure vessel standard, bs 5500. Effectively design shellandtube heat exchangers torr. Applications the pharmaline p is used in pharmaceutical water systems. Working principles the pharmaline p is designed in accordance with fda, usp and cgmp requirements. Shell and tube heat exchanger, 2 pass shell side, 2 pass tube side 2 2 countercurrent there are three primary classifications of heat exchangers according to their flow arrangement.
An heat exchanger shell and tube type is being designed here with proper dimension for 45 kghr steam. However, in a heat pipe heat exchanger, the heat pipe not only acts as a. A heat exchanger is a heat transfer device that exchanges heat between two or more process fluids. The optimum thermal design of a shell and tube heat exchanger involves the. Intended for use with high fluid flows and low temperature variances, these robust, compact heat exchangers are ideal for many residential and industrial applications. Heat exchanger can be considered as a system or component.
The views expressed in this paper are those of the individual authors presenters and are not intended to represent the view s. Pdhonline course m371 2 pdh shell and tube heat exchangers. B, asme u stamped with 316 ss twopass head heat exchanger tube bundle 58in od x 16 bwg wall, admiralty brass heat exchanger tube sheets leadfree brass heat exchanger tube bundle end cap leadfree brass. Incropera 19 doublepipe heat exchangers fundamentals of heat and mass transfer, 6th edition. Single tube pass single shell pass counter current heat exchanger duration. Tube sheets are usually made from a round flat piece of.
An exchanger with one shell pass and two tube passes is a 12 exchanger. Solving a traditional shell and tube heat exchanger problem. Technical catalogue section 5 shell and tube models. Shellandtube heat exchangers can have multiple passes, such as 11, 12, 14, 16, and 18 exchangers, where the first number denotes the number of the shells and the second number denotes the number of passes. Design, operation, maintenance and enhancement ali a. An exchanger with one shell pass and two tube passes is a 12 exchanger shown in the figure. Documentation requirements for shell and tube heat. Shell and straight tube heat exchanger bline heat exchangers are fabricated with the distinctive aic helically corrugated tube design. Product portfolio tetra pak tubular heat exchanger c comprises a family of the following singlepass shellandtube heat exchangers.
E1mnl032a design and rating of shell and tube heat. Just like in any industry, there is the hard way and the smart way of getting the job done. Selection of heat transfer models and fouling coefficients for shell side and tube side. The team identified the dependence of the heat exchanger s heat duty and found that the overall heat.
Tube in tube heat exchanger type he tube in tube heat exchanger type he is used primarily for heat transfer between the liquid and suction lines of the refrigeration plant. The basic layout for a countercurrent shell and tube heat exchanger together with the associated heat curve for a condensing process generated from chemcad are shown. Shell and tube heat exchangers are used in various industrial processes, and are one of the most commonly used heat exchangers. Khalil and others published shell and tube heat exchanger performance find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Pdf shell and tube heat exchanger the heat transfer area. Since all heat exchangers considered in this experiment have a single pass for both the hot and cold fluids, the discussion below is limited to singlepass heat exchangers. Doublepipe or 11 shell and tube heat exchangers faith a. As you can see, in a 12 heat exchanger, the tube side fluid flows the entire length of the shell, turns around and flows all the way back. A bundle of tubes contained in a shell or container. Design a double pipe heat exchanger with bare inner multitubes that can be used to cool engine oil with cold sea water. The mechanical design of a shell and tube heat exchanger provides information on items such as shell thickness, flange thickness, etc. Heat exchanger configurations 12 pass configuration.
Remove the front head cover and apply pressure in the shell. Fluid engine oil sea water inlet temperature, c 65 20 outlet temperature, c 55 25 heat load, kw 117. For example, in a shell and tube exchanger, the pipe diameter and length are used for this purpose. Flow is controlled by the geometry of the endcaps which are divided into sections to route the tube side fluid in the proper directions. Tema designations for shellandtube heat exchangers. The tube passes of 1, 2 and 4 are common in application. Setting shell side and tube side pressure drop design limits. Shell and tube with two shell passes and any multiple of four tube passes four, eight, etc. Tubes shall be welded to the tubesheets with full strength. Hot water at 80c enters the tube of two shell pass, eight tubes pass h. Specification of tube parameters size, layout, pitch.
The type 4 heat exchanger with pressure resistant shell at the service side is a variation of the type 1 heat exchanger, whereby the glass shell is replaced with a stainless steel shell and a reinforcing plate also made in stainless steel is screwed to the tube plate at the shell side. Most shellandtube heat exchangers are either 1, 2, or 4 pass designs on the tube side. Flow is controlled by the geometry of the endcaps which are divided into sections to route the tubeside fluid in the proper directions. Most shell and tube heat exchangers are either 1, 2, or 4 pass designs on the tube side. Selection of heat exchanger tema layout and number of passes. The hybriddesign series is able to reach a heat output. This paper deals with the design calculation of utube heat exchanger precisely 12 shell and tube heat exchanger with utubes. The heat exchanger in the unit operations lab is a shell and tube device.
A shell and tube heat exchanger with a 25% baffle cut was used in this study. As you can see, in a 12 heat exchanger, the tube side fluid flows the entire length of the shell. Exergy llc 320 endo boulevard, garden city, ny 11530 phone. Inside the shell, baffles are typically installed which help in holding the tubes and directing the shell fluid flow to some extent. Documentation requirements for shell and tube heat exchangers march 2012 asme code section viii, divisions 1 and 2 process industry practices page 4 of 16 4. Almost always, the tube passes will be in multiples of two 12, 14, 24, etc. Here is an example of a 12 1 shell pass and 2 tube passes heat exchanger. Singlewall, heat exchanger doublewall, heat exchanger component material heat exchanger shell carbon steel, astm sa106, gr. General heating and cooling duties, heat recovery, pasteurization and uht treatment of a broad range of food products. The rating program is shown schematically in figure 4. Shell and tube exchangers an overview sciencedirect topics.
Introduction transfer of heat from one fluid to another is an important operation for most of the chemical industries. The tube s carry a fluid through them, while the shell is also provided with an inlet and outlet for flow of another fluid. Heat transfer mechanism shell and tube heat exchangers are typically used for high pressure applications with pressures greater than 30 bar and temperatures greater than b. Shell and tube heat exchanger, performance analysis, optimization, m s excel 1. Aluminium fins, which are pushed over the tube bundle, connected by force, lead to an increased heat exchange surface. Enerquips experienced team of engineers will be glad to custom design your heat exchanger. Most shellandtube heat exchangers have multiple passes to enhance the heat transfer. Numerical study of shell and tube heat exchanger with. The locations of the nozzles and the orientation of the. Heat exchangers jordan university of science and technology. Traditional methods of tube cleaning such as rodding and hydroblasting are expensive, time consuming and often lead to equipment downtime. Combining each of these resistances in series gives.
An odd number of tube passes is seldom used except the 11 exchanger. As shown in figure 47, the shell and tube heat exchanger consists of the shell, which is a large vessel with one or more inlet and one or more outlet nozzles. Designing steps for a heat exchanger ijert journal. The shell and tube heat exchanger is the major equipment. Shell and tube heat exchanger sthe, where one flow goes along a bunch of tubes and the other within an outer shell, parallel to the tubes, or in crossflow fig. The tubes may be permanently positioned inside the shell fixed tube sheet exchanger or may be removable for ease of cleaning and replacement floatinghead or u tube exchanger. Pdf design of shell and tube heat exchanger with double passes. Chapter 52 heat exchangers, vaporizers, condensers joseph w. To calculate q, we need both inlet and outlet temperatures. Shell and tube heat exchangers basic calculations pdh online. The pressure boundary components of the heat exchanger, including the shell, heads, tube sheets, nozzles. This refers to the number of times the fluid in the tubes passes through the fluid in the shell. In addition, a number of different head and shell designs are. Oct 14, 2011 shell and tube heat exchanger bemtype duration.
A 12 shell and tube heat exchanger is illustrated in figure 5. Shell and tube heat exchanger traditional solution in order to determine the amount of heat transfer occurring in tube, one may be inclined. Water for injection wfi and purified water pw and for heating or cooling of pharmaceutical products. Colin deddis, bp exploration operating co ltd 19 july 2011. Anson can manufacture u tube heat exchanger in accordance with the asme standard, tema, and api for 1, 2, or 4 pass u tube heat exchanger, other special requirements are also available. If the water exits at 44c, determine the exit temperature of the helium and its mass flow rate. Heat exchangers 73 individual thermal resistances of the system. Plain tubular exchangers, shellandtube exchangers with plain tubes, and. Qualitative dependence of the fluid temperature on position inside a singlepass heat exchanger is shown in fig. Pdf the exchange of heat is one of the most important processes in the chemical industry. The purpose is to utilise the cooling effect, utilise which without a heat exchanger is otherwise lost to the ambient air via uninsulated suction lines. In a single pass heat exchanger, the fluid goes in one end of each tube and out the other. Chapter 5 heat exchangers faculty of engineering and.
The most common application of heat transfer is in designing of heat transfer equipment for exchanging heat from one fluid to another fluid. Pip vesv1002 for the mechanical design and fabrication of all. Supplemental design and fabrication specification for shell. Any leakage coming out of any tube shows a leakage in a tube inside the shell. D o l and u is the overall heat transfer coefficient. Shell and tube heat exchangers page 4 of 30 mnl 032a issued 29 august 08, prepared by j. Shell and tube heat exchangers can have multiple passes, such as 11, 12, 14, 16, and 18 exchangers, where the first number denotes the number of the shells and the second number denotes the number of passes. The shellandtube heat exchanger is a nonfired pressure system consisting of two separate pressure chambers. Digitalflo steamtowater, shell and tube, water heater. Designing a simple shell and tube heat exchanger using aspen hysys.
Most shell and tube heat exchangers have multiple passes to enhance the heat transfer. Biodiesel combustion and heat exchanger unit operations lab. T 1 t 2 what if the outlet temperatures are unknown. Heat is transferred from the hot fluid to the wall by convection, through the wall by conduction and from the wall to the cold fluid by convection. A heat exchanger involves two flowing fluids separated by a solid wall.
A 12 shellandtube heat exchanger is illustrated in figure 5. Almost alway s, the tube passes will be in multiples of two 12, 14, 24. Shell and tube, shell and u tube, and shell and coil heat exchangers. A practical guide for planning, selecting and designing of shell and tube exchangers takes users on a stepbystep guide to the design of heat exchangers in daily practice, showing how to determine the effective driving temperature difference for heat transfer. The correction factor ft for a 12 heat exchanger which has 1 shell pass and 2 or more even number of tube passes can be determined from the chart in the. The correction factor is used in conjunction with the lmtd to.
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